A Surface Temperature Initiated Closure (STIC) for surface energy balance fluxes
نویسندگان
چکیده
a Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, United States b Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom c Department of Environmental Social and Spatial Change, Roskilde University, Denmark d Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Woodland, CA, United States e Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Science, Lund University, Sweden f School of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia g School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada h Department of Agronomy and Earth Atmospheric Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
منابع مشابه
Energy balance closure of two bog surfaces in central Sweden
Typical bogs in the boreal forest zone can be characterised by hummock and hollow micro-topography and sparsely vegetated surfaces. Their energy balance has been studied much less than for other types of surface, i.e. fields and forests. Micrometeorological measurements were carried out in central Sweden at two bogs in different summer seasons. From the measured profiles of wind speed, air temp...
متن کاملEstimating energy balance fluxes above a boreal forest from radiometric temperature observations
The great areal extent of boreal forests confers these ecosystems potential to impact on the global surface-atmosphere energy exchange. A modelling approach, based on a simplified two-source energy balance model, was proposed to estimate energy balance fluxes above boreal forests using thermal infrared measurements. Half-hourly data from the SolarInduced Fluorescence Experiment, carried out in ...
متن کاملA Modified Force-restore Approach to Modeling Snow-surface Heat Fluxes
Accurate modeling of the energy balance of a snowpack requires good estimates of the snow surface temperature. The snow surface temperature allows a balance between atmospheric heat fluxes and the conductive flux into the snowpack. While the dependency of atmospheric fluxes on surface temperature is reasonably well understood and parameterized, conduction of heat from the snow surface into the ...
متن کاملSome aspects of the energy balance closure problem
After briefly discussing several reasons for the energy balance closure problem in the surface layer, the paper focuses on the influence of the low frequency part of the turbulence spectrum on the residual. Changes in the turbulent fluxes in this part of the turbulence spectrum were found to have a significant influence on the changes of the residual. Using the ogive method, it was found that t...
متن کاملCorrecting eddy-covariance flux underestimates over a grassland
Independent measurements of the major energy balance flux components are not often consistent with the principle of conservation of energy. This is referred to as a lack of closure of the surface energy balance. Most results in the literature have shown the sum of sensible and latent heat fluxes measured by eddy covariance to be less than the difference between net radiation and soil heat fluxe...
متن کامل